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{"id":839,"date":"2018-07-17T17:43:33","date_gmt":"2018-07-17T17:43:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/?p=839"},"modified":"2018-08-16T14:29:04","modified_gmt":"2018-08-16T14:29:04","slug":"alficoz-cucumis-melo-subsp-flexuosus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/2018\/07\/17\/alficoz-cucumis-melo-subsp-flexuosus\/","title":{"rendered":"Alficoz (Cucumis melo subsp. flexuosus)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Alpicoz de Co\u00edn (M\u00e1laga)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

En el mercado o en las fruter\u00edas podemos observar un \u201cpepino\u201d alargado, de piel verde clara, m\u00e1s tierno, similar a una serpiente, pero…, \u00bfQu\u00e9 es? Es el \u201calficoz\u201d, \u201canfic\u00f2s\u201d, \u201calpicoz\u201d, \u201ccohombro\u201d, \u201cpepino serpiente\u201d, \u201cmel\u00f3n serpiente\u201d, entre otros muchos nombres populares. Asombrosamente es un tipo de mel\u00f3n (Cucumis melo<\/em>), y no de pepino (Cucumis sativus<\/em>). Aunque ambos pertenecen a la misma familia, las Cucurbit\u00e1ceas (1).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u201cCucumis<\/em>\u201d procede del lat\u00edn, cuyo significado es pepino, as\u00ed como de la palabra griega \u201ckykyon\u201d, cuya definici\u00f3n es la misma. \u201cMelo\u201d<\/em>, proviene del vocablo \u201cmelopepo\u201d, del lat\u00edn, es decir, mel\u00f3n con forma de manzana. \u201cAlficoz\u201d procede de \u201calfiqq\u00fas\u201d del \u00e1rabe, as\u00ed como del arameo rab\u00ednico \u201cpikk\u016bs\u0101\u201d, referido al acto de quitar el rabillo al cohombro para consumirlo posteriormente (1, 5). Seg\u00fan la cultura popular, de esta forma se evita que el pepino amargue.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Es una planta muy antigua cultivada por primera vez en el siglo XIV al oeste de Asia, en Armenia concretamente, de ah\u00ed el nombre de pepino armenio, extendida posteriormente hacia el sur de Turqu\u00eda, por el Mediterr\u00e1neo oriental, hasta Egipto (6).<\/p>\n

El bot\u00e1nico Antonio Jos\u00e9 Cavanilles en sus \u201cObservaciones sobre la historia natural, geograf\u00eda, agricultura, poblaci\u00f3n y frutos del reino de Valencia\u201d (1795-1797), escribi\u00f3, \u201cLa agricultura en la localidad alicantina de Novelda, famosa en su tiempo por el cultivo del alfic\u00f2s\u201d (2).<\/p>\n

\"\"
Alpicoz de Co\u00edn (M\u00e1laga)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Su nombre cient\u00edfico es Cucumis melo <\/em>subespecie o variedad flexuosus<\/em> Limn\u00e9. Es una planta trepadora cultivada para el consumo de sus frutos, largos, curvados y esbeltos. La piel es estriada longitudinalmente o lisa. Tiene peque\u00f1as flores amarillas con 5 p\u00e9talos. Los tallos son largos, cubiertos de hojas redondeadas, onduladas, rugosas, pubescentes (vellosas), poco profundas e irregularmente lobuladas, de hasta 6\u2019\u2019 (pulgadas) de ancho. Las flores dan paso al mel\u00f3n serpiente<\/em> con una longitud de entre 6-9\u2019 a 12\u2019\u2019 y de ancho 1\u2019\u2019, aunque pueden llegar hasta los 36\u2019\u2019 de largo al madurar (1).<\/p>\n

La podemos encontrar en los mercados entre junio y septiembre. Su punto \u00f3ptimo de recogida es cuando tienen de 2-4 cm de ancho y m\u00e1s de 80 cm de largo (2, 3).<\/p>\n

En la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica su cultivo era casi testimonial, al abandonarse progresivamente desde mediados del siglo XX. En Espa\u00f1a se cultiva en Alicante y zonas colindantes como Murcia. Aunque el material fotogr\u00e1fico es de Co\u00edn (M\u00e1laga), en Belalc\u00e1zar (C\u00f3rdoba) han conseguido cultivar exitosamente una variedad oriental del cohombro<\/em> (3, 4).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Algunos estudios informan que el aceite de la semilla de C. melo<\/em> var. flexuosus<\/em> contiene \u00e1cidos grasos esenciales, incluidos el \u00e1cido linoleico y el linol\u00e9nico. Los \u00e1cidos grasos esenciales tienen una correlaci\u00f3n positiva con la actividad antioxidante, mientras que el linol\u00e9nico juega un importante papel en la neuroprotecci\u00f3n, con propiedades antiinflamatorias y preventivas de la capacidad neopl\u00e1sica (formaci\u00f3n anormal de c\u00e9lulas malignas o benignas). Por otra parte, otros autores informan que el aceite de semilla de C. melo<\/em> var. flexuosus<\/em> tiene una cantidad mediana de tocoferoles en comparaci\u00f3n con otros aceites comunes, como el aceite de s\u00e9samo, aceite de cacahuete o girasol. Por tanto, los tocoferoles pueden ser importantes en la protecci\u00f3n contra el estr\u00e9s oxidativo (la oxidaci\u00f3n celular) (7).<\/p>\n

\"\"
Alpicoz de Co\u00edn (M\u00e1laga)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A diferencia del pepino, este fruto no amarga nunca, no repite y es m\u00e1s dulce, pero no tanto como el mel\u00f3n. Por su caracter\u00edstica refrescante la mejor forma de consumirlo es crudo, sin pelar, en ensaladas ali\u00f1adas con aceite de oliva y sal, o en trocitos peque\u00f1os para acompa\u00f1ar al gazpacho, as\u00ed como sustituto del pepino en cualquier receta t\u00edpica con esta hortaliza. Tambi\u00e9n se pueden hacer encurtidos agridulces o en salmuera. Aunque bot\u00e1nicamente es un mel\u00f3n, esta fruta se asemeja y sabe a pepino (1, 3).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bibliograf\u00eda y Webgraf\u00eda.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En el mercado o en las fruter\u00edas podemos observar un \u201cpepino\u201d alargado, de piel verde clara, m\u00e1s tierno, similar a una serpiente, pero…, \u00bfQu\u00e9 es? Es el \u201calficoz\u201d, \u201canfic\u00f2s\u201d, \u201calpicoz\u201d, \u201ccohombro\u201d, \u201cpepino serpiente\u201d, \u201cmel\u00f3n serpiente\u201d, entre otros muchos nombres populares. Asombrosamente es un tipo de mel\u00f3n (Cucumis melo), y no de pepino (Cucumis sativus). Aunque […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,6],"tags":[108,105,104,109,107,106],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/839"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=839"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":890,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/839\/revisions\/890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}