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{"id":617,"date":"2018-02-04T21:50:59","date_gmt":"2018-02-04T21:50:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/?p=617"},"modified":"2018-08-16T14:49:08","modified_gmt":"2018-08-16T14:49:08","slug":"vegetales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/2018\/02\/04\/vegetales\/","title":{"rendered":"VEGETALES"},"content":{"rendered":"

En este post nos gustar\u00eda realizar una menci\u00f3n aclaratoria de las distintas subcategor\u00edas dentro del apartado \u201cVegetales\u201d.<\/p>\n

HORTALIZAS
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Alicante
Foto cedida por Manuela Hern\u00e1ndez Arenas y Vicente Villar Forn\u00e9s. Lugar: Alicante (Marina Alta)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan la Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola de la Lengua, la palabra \u201cHortaliza\u201d es \u201caquella planta comestible que se cultiva en las huertas\u201d. Concretando m\u00e1s, se trata de cualquier producto que no sea fruta, como las verduras y legumbres verdes o tiernas, por ejemplo habas o guisantes. Las hortalizas, seg\u00fan la parte comestible, se pueden dividir en (1, 1<\/sup><\/a>):<\/p>\n

Frutos<\/u>: son el producto de las plantas, las cuales sirven para desarrollar y proteger la semilla. Por ejemplo: berenjena, pepino, tomate, guindillas, calabaza, calabacines, ma\u00edz dulce, distintos tipos de pimientos, etc (1).<\/p>\n

Ra\u00edces<\/u>: zanahoria, nabo, remolacha, r\u00e1bano, achicoria, colinabo, chiriv\u00eda, r\u00e1bano, etc. (1, 1<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Tub\u00e9rculos<\/u>: patatas, boniatos, batatas, chufas y tupinambos (1, 1<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Hojas, tallos verdes o verduras y tallos j\u00f3venes<\/u>: acelgas, achicoria, cardo, endivia, escarola, lechuga, espinacas, perejil, apio, col, br\u00f3coli y los distintos tipos de coles, r\u00facula, cardo, borraja, verdolagas, coles de bruselas, esp\u00e1rragos y apio (1, 1<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Bulbos<\/u>: cebolla, puerro, ajo seco, hinojo, chalota (1, 1<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Flores o inflorescencias<\/u>: alcachofa, coliflor (1). Flores comestibles como el alhel\u00ed, la begonia, la clavelina, el pensamiento, o la flor del romero (6).<\/p>\n

Legumbres frescas o tiernas<\/u>: guisantes, habas, jud\u00edas verdes, tirabeques (1, 1<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Leguminosas secas<\/u>: son las semillas secas, limpias, sanas y separadas de la vaina, procedentes de plantas de la familia de las leguminosas, de uso corriente en el pa\u00eds adem\u00e1s de ser adecuadas para la alimentaci\u00f3n. Se encuentran las jud\u00edas, las lentejas, los garbanzos, los guisantes secos, las habas secas, los altramuces, la soja, el cacahuete, la garrofa (Ceratonia<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0 siliqua<\/em>) y algarroba (Vicia monanthos<\/em>) 2<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n

CEREALES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Engloban a las plantas gram\u00edneas as\u00ed como a sus frutos maduros, enteros, sanos y secos. Dentro de esta clasificaci\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n se considerar\u00e1 el trigo sarraceno o alforf\u00f3n, de la familia de las Poligon\u00e1ceas\u00a0\u00a0 (alpiste, espelta, arroz, avena, cebada, centeno, ma\u00edz, mijo, sorgo, trigo y trigo sarraceno)3<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n

FRUTAS<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"M\u00e1laga\"
Mercado central de Atarazanas (M\u00e1laga)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Son aquellos frutos, semillas o partes carnosas de \u00f3rganos florales que han alcanzado un punto de madurez que las hace comestibles, pudiendo consumirse en crudo. La mayor\u00eda son producidas por plantas le\u00f1osas o \u00e1rboles (manzano, ciruelo, higuera, chirimoya, etc.), plantas semile\u00f1osas o arbustos (ar\u00e1ndano, zarzamora, etc.) y en menor cantidad por plantas herb\u00e1ceas (fresa, banano o pl\u00e1tano, etc.) (1). Las frutas se pueden clasificar de diferentes formas (1, 4<\/sup><\/a>):<\/p>\n

Por su naturaleza:<\/p>\n

Frutas de hueso o carnosas (drupas)<\/u>: aquellas en las que la semilla est\u00e1 envuelta por un endocarpio duro, esclerificado. Adem\u00e1s la parte comestible tiene como m\u00ednimo un 50% de agua. Pueden ser los albaricoques, los melocotones, los aguacates, las cerezas, los d\u00e1tiles, las ciruelas, los c\u00edtricos, los n\u00edsperos, los tomates, etc.) (4, 4<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Fruta seca o de c\u00e1scara<\/u>: contiene un 50% menos de agua, gracias a procesos de desecaci\u00f3n artificial o natural (casta\u00f1as, avellanas, nueces, pi\u00f1ones, etc.). Adem\u00e1s, su consumo se puede prolongar durante m\u00e1s tiempo tras la recolecci\u00f3n (4, 4<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Frutas y semillas oleaginosas<\/u>: las que se utilizan para obtener grasas comestibles (aceituna u oliva, cacahuete, coco, girasol, s\u00e9samo o ajonjol\u00ed) (4, 4<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

O bien, por su estado:<\/p>\n

Fruta fresca<\/u>: aquellas que se pueden consumir frescas e inmediatamente, o al poco tiempo de su recolecci\u00f3n. La mayor\u00eda de estas frutas son las carnosas (4, 4<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

Fruta desecada<\/u>: obtenidas a partir de frutas frescas y a las que se les ha disminuido la cantidad de humedad por acciones naturales como el aire y el sol (aceituna u oliva pasa, orejones, casta\u00f1a desecada o pelada, ciruela pasa, d\u00e1til, higos secos, manzanas desecadas, uvas pasas, etc.) (4, 4<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bibliograf\u00eda y webgraf\u00eda <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En este post nos gustar\u00eda realizar una menci\u00f3n aclaratoria de las distintas subcategor\u00edas dentro del apartado \u201cVegetales\u201d. HORTALIZAS<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[113,110,111,112,115,114],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=617"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":905,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617\/revisions\/905"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.naturalezanutritiva.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}